An Offshore Wind–Wave Energy Station Location Analysis by a Novel Behavioral Dual-Side Spherical Fuzzy Approach: The Case Study of Vietnam

Despite the high capital requirements, offshore wind and wave energy integrated stations (WWS) are an emerging potential solution to optimize efficiency in renewable development. Decisions about installation location significantly influence their efficiency. This study examines determines highly efficient sustainable locations based on quantitative indicators qualitative criteria. For this purpose, a novel dual-side behavioral spherical fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach was developed applied for case of Vietnam. In first stage, Data Envelopment Analysis (B-DEA) model, constructed prospect theory, is analyze according under decision makers’ psychological behavior consideration. second extension integration composed DEMATEL (decision-making trial evaluation laboratory) EDAS (evaluation distance from average solution) methods helped evaluate locations. Based convergence analysis results, efficiency–sustainability positioning maps established. The research provides recommendations appropriate WWS that visualization. compared findings with current development projects, plans, policies Vietnam validation.